Development of capsules based on aqueous extract of Holarrhena floribunda leaves for the treatment of diabete and its comorbidities

Abstract

Holarrhena floribunda aqueous leaf extract (EAHf) is brown in color and has a bitter-sour taste. The powder, classified as coarse according to the European Pharmacopoeia, shows poor flow, requiring wet granulation to improve its rheological properties and make the capsules uniform. EAHf has a yield of 17.7%, an ash content of 12.34%, a pH of 5.26 and a low water content of 4.1%, guaranteeing good shelf life. Its antioxidant activity is linked to its phenol and flavonoid content, confirmed by the DPPH test. Its anti-diabetic efficacy has been established in rats, with an optimal dose of 500 mg/kg significantly reducing glycemia. Acute toxicity assessment showed an LD50 in excess of 5000 mg/kg, with no adverse effects on mice.

To mask the bitter taste, then improve administration and storage, EAHf has been encapsulated. The capsules, which comply with pharmaceutical standards, offer mass uniformity and a rapid disintegration time of less than 30 minutes. Further studies are needed to validate its use in the treatment of diabetes.