Essay of formulation of suppositories based on aqueous extracts of the trunk bark of Parkia biglobosa jacq. (Fabaceae-Mimosoideae) for the management of inflammation due to hemorrhoidal crisis

Abstract

Hemorrhoidal disease is a pathological condition characterized by dilation of the recto-anal plexus vein. An ethnobotanical investigation revealed the use of the trunk bark of Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) in the form of an ointment or decoction as an anal enema for its treatment. The objective of this study was to describe the extract in order to formulate suppositories. Phytochemical screening and physicochemical characterization followed by evaluation of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of the extract were carried out. A suppository formulation was defined based on a strategy using two suppository masses (Witerpsol H15 and Suppocire ASX2). The suppositories obtained were subject to quality control and evaluation of effectiveness. The extract was brown in color with a fine texture. Its humidity level was 4.67 and the pH was 7.17. The suppositories had an elongated shape, uniform texture and appearance with an average softening time of 8.36 min and an average melting point of 37.3°C. The phytochemical study revealed flavonoids. The evaluation of the antioxidant activity gave an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 9.35 µg/ml by ABTS, an inhibition percentage of 54.34% by LPO and the Anti-inflammatory activity by the inhibition of LOX with an IC50 of 19.01 µg/ml. The studies carried out offer an alternative use of the extract in the form of suppositories for the treatment of inflammation of hemorrhoidal disease.